虚拟语气是整个英语教学的重点和难点，也是我们必须掌握的一个语法。今天给大家整理了虚拟语气的常见考点，一起来看看吧~

　　一、用于条件句

　　(一)用于if引导的非真实条件句

　　Eg:

　　①If I were a boy，I would join the army.

　　②If my brother had taken my advice，he would have succeeded in the competition.

　　③If it were to rain tomorrow ，the football match would be put off.

　　注意：主句中的should通常用于第一人称，would/could可以用于各种人称。

　　Eg:

　　①Were I to do the work，I should do it some other day.

　　②If I had his telephone number, I would call him now.

　　③If he had worked hard, he would have been in New York now.

　　(二)

　　用于含蓄条件句

　　在表示假设的虚拟语气中，有时假设的条件并不以条件从句的形式出现，而是通过上下文或句中内在的逻辑关系，或用其他形式表达出来，这就是“含蓄条件句”。常用的有以下几种方式：

　　1.

　　介词或介词短语

　　如but for，without，in case of, under，with，in等。

　　Eg:

　　①But for their help，we could not get over the difficulties.

　　②Without music，the world would be a dull place.

　　2.

　　连词

　　如or，otherwise，but，in case，lest，for fear that，so that等。

　　Eg:

　　①We took a taxi to the airport.Otherwise we should have been late.

　　②He felt very tired yesterday，or he would have attended the party.

　　注意：由lest，for fear that和in case引起的从句中谓语动词多用“should 动词原形”，但也可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。

　　3.

　　分词短语

　　United (= If they had been united), they wouldn’t have been defeated.

　　4.

　　动词不定式短语

　　To hear him speak English, one would think him an Englishman.

　　5.

　　名词短语和“名词+ and”结构

　　A diligent student would have worked harder.One step further and you would be dead.

　　6.

　　定语从句

　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same.

　　7.

　　形容词及其比较级

　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes.

　　8.

　　独立主格结构或由 with 引导的复合结构

　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable.

　　(三)

　　用于混合条件句

　　条件从句表示的动作与主句表示的动作在时间上不一致的叫混合条件句 (错综时间条件句)。其主句和从句的谓语动词应根据各自所指的时间选用适当的形式，一般从句指过去，主句指现在或将来;或从句不指某一特定时间，主句指过去;或从句用虚拟语气，主句用陈述语气或祈使语气。

　　Eg:

　　①If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.

　　②If the weather had been more favourable, the crops would be growing better.

　　(四)虚拟条件句的倒装

　　在虚拟条件句中，如果从句部分含有 were, should 或 had，可将 if 省略，were, should 或 had置于从句句首，使用倒装。

　　Eg:

　　①Were they here now, they could help us.

　　②Should it rain, the crops would be saved.

　　③Had you come earlier, you would have got the ticket.

　　二、用于宾语从句

　　(一)用于 wish 后面的宾语从句

　　wish 后面的宾语从句可以表示与事实相反的情况，也可以表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。

　　其宾语从句的动词形式为：

　　Eg:

　　①I wish it were spring all the year round.

　　②We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.

　　③I wish it would rain tomorrow.

　　(二)在 insist, order, command, advise, suggest, propose,demand, require, request，ask 等表示坚持” 、 “命令” 、“建议” 、“要求”等动词后的宾语从句用虚拟语气“(should) +动词原形”。

　　Eg:

　　He insisted that I (should) go with them.

　　He ordered that it(should) be sent back.

　　注意：如果insist作“坚决主张;坚持要求”讲，接that从句(从句的动作为将要发生之事)时，从句常用虚拟语气，即“(should) 动词原形”，而表示“坚持说;坚决认为”，接that从句(从句的动作多为已发生之事)时，从句使用陈述语气。suggest作“建议”讲时其宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，即“(should) 动词原形”，而作“暗示”、“表明”讲时则要用陈述语气。

　　Eg:

　　①He insisted that we(should) accept these gifts.

　　②He insisted that I had read his letter.

　　③She suggested that the class meeting(should) not be held on Saturday.

　　④What he said suggested that he was a cheat.

　　(三)用于would rather后面的宾语从句。从句谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。在谈到过去的动作时，从句谓语则用过去完成时。

　　Eg:

　　①I'd rather you met her at the airport tomorrow morning.

　　②I'd rather you hadn’t told him the news that day.

　　在专升本的英语考试中，虚拟语气虽然考查的题量不多，但从往年考察的情况来看，三种与事实相反的条件句和主句的基本结构，以及用其他形式代替条件句和虚拟条件句的倒装是考查的重点。平时复习的时候，大家要注意区分噢~

　　备考湖南专升本的同学，如果有专升本相关疑惑或者需要学习上的帮助，可以在文末留下你的联系方式，或者直接添加乐贞老师微信lezhen_edu，我们将为您答疑解惑~

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