短文改错对考生的要求较高,是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查,检测考生发现、判断、纠正文章错误的能力,进而考查学生的词法、句法及行文逻辑等方面的水平
专升本中的英语对很多同学来说比较难,中式英语也比较常见,这是源于对英语语法认识不清,对单词记忆不够造成的。短文改错对考生的要求较高,是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查,检测考生发现、判断、纠正文章错误的能力,进而考查学生的词法、句法及行文逻辑等方面的水平。要想解这类题目就必须明白是从哪几个方面出题。
专升本英语短文改错一般会在以下八个方面进行设题。
01 动词:主要考查时态、主谓一致和固定搭配
例如:
①时态混用
Then the trouble started. We can’t open thedoor. So we asked the policeman for help.
(很显然此段的主时态是一般过去式,因此应把can’t改为couldn’t。)
②主谓不一致
There were a football game on TV lastSaturday evening.
(a football game决定了谓语动词用单数,故应该把were改为was。)
③固定搭配
He had little money left, so he had to giveup buy the computer.
(give up doing sth.是固定用法,故动词buy应该改为buying。)
02 名词:主要考查单复数混用
例如:
Helen is seventeen year old. She is verybusy.
(表示“年龄多大了”应该为复数形式,故应把year改为years。)
03 形容词/副词:主要考查两者之间是否混用
例如:
①副词代替正确形容词
During the football season, Helen is muchbusier than usually.
(很明显是“与平时相比较更忙”,因此需要把usually改为usual。)
②形容词代替正确副词
As the time clock showed one minute andforty-two seconds left in the game, she began cheering excited, “Come on — getgoing!”
(显然应把excited改为excitedly,用来修饰动词cheer。)
04 介词:主要考查固定搭配,特别是动词和介词的搭配
例如:
①介词遗漏
I’m sure you will get rid the sorrow andunhappiness caused by the disaster.
(get rid of 是固定搭配,意为“摆脱,除去”。)
②介词多余
My wife is also happy because of I havegiven up smoking.
(这里显然是区分because of与because的用法。前者不能接句子,而后者充当连词可以接句子,故应该把of去掉。)
③介词错用(一般为固定搭配)
I pick out her false hair and said, “Don’tbe sad, Miss.”
(pick out改为pick up。pick out挑选;pick up捡起。)
05 连词:主要考查句子之间的逻辑关系
常考的三种关系主要是:转折 (but)、并列(and)和因果(because)。例如:
One day, my wife and I went shopping at astore. We drove the car but we had a lot of things to buy.
(显然,句意为“我们开车去的原因是因为我们要买很多东西”,所以应该把but改为because / as / for。)
06 句式:主要考查that与what或which / how与what之间的转换
这是短文改错的常考点。
例如:
She never has enough time for that shewants to do.
(句意为:她没有足够多的时间来做自己想做的事情。很明显应该把that改为what。)
07 冠词:主要考查冠词是否多余或遗漏
例如:
①冠词多余
So I went to sell newspapers after theschool.
(“放学后”应该用after school表示,故此处定冠词多余,应去掉the。)
②冠词遗漏
As we all left home at early age, we metlots of problems in our daily life.
(at an early age表示“很小的时候”,故early前应加不定冠词。)
08 代词:主要考查代词是否多余或遗漏,以及代词之间的混用
例如:
①代词多余
Don’t lose your heart if you fail in theexam.
(lose heart表示“泄气,丧失勇气”,而lose one’s heart to sb. / sth.表示“爱上,钟情于……”。根据语境,此处很明显是指“别泄气”,故应该把your去掉。)
②代词遗漏
A teacher could make classes lively andinteresting.
(应该在classes前加his,表示“使他的课堂生动有趣”。)
③代词混用
We were living in a big family. We treatedeach other as brothers and sisters. If any one of them had any difficulty, theother would help him or her out.
(根据句意“我们生活在一个大家庭之中,彼此间相处如同兄弟姐妹。如果我们之中谁有困难,其他人就会帮助他/她解决困难”,所以应把them改为us,把other改为others。)
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