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The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, “Beautiful Inside My Head Forever”, at Sotheby’s in London on September 15th 2008. All but two pieces sold, fetching more than £70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last victory. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy。
The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising vertiginously since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm—double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries。
In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirst’s sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many art-buying investors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector—for Chinese contemporary art—they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world’s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby’s and Christie’s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them。
The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious contraction in the market since the Second World War. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more volatile. But Edward Dolman, Christie’s chief executive, says: “I’m pretty confident we’re at the bottom。”
What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, when interest rates were high, there was no demand even though many collectors wanted to sell. Christie’s revenues in the first half of 2009 were still higher than in the first half of 2006. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds—death, debt and divorce—still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return。
对考研英语一来说,2010年以前的阅读跟2010年以后的相比,2010年以前的难度要大得多。建议现在考研的人都只做10年之后的真题就可以复习的很好了。
硕士研究生教育按照培养目标的不同,分为学术型研究生和专业学位研究生。学术型研究生的培养目标是高层次学术研究型专门人才,专业学位研究生的培养目标是具有扎实理论基础,并适应特定行业或职业实际工作需要的应用型高层次专门人才。具有较强的解决实际问题的能力,能够承担专业技术或管理工作,具有良好的职业素养的高层次应用型专门人才。
从2010年开始,全国硕士研究生入学考试的英语试卷分为了英语(一)和英语(二)。
英语(一)即原研究生入学统考“英语”,所有学术型硕士研究生(英语专业选考其他语种)(十三大门类,110个一级学科)和部分专业型硕士(法律硕士、临床医学硕士、口腔医学硕士、建筑学硕士、护理硕士、汉语国际教育硕士、公共卫生硕士等)必考英语(一)。
英语(二)主要是为高等院校和科研院所招收不考英语(一)的专业学位硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的统考科目。
考试内容:
试题分三部分,共52题,包括英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作。
英语知识运用:
该部分不仅考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素(包括词汇、表达方式和结构)的掌握程度,而且还考查考生对语段特征(如连贯性和一致性等)的辨识能力等。共20小题,每小题0.5分,共10分。
在一篇240-280词的文章中留出20个空白,要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案。
较难。
因为英语的阅读题有4篇,难度是依次增加的,所以2010年考研英语一第四篇阅读难度较难。
考研一般指全国硕士研究生统一招生考试,全国硕士研究生统一招生考试。
2010年考研英语阅读真题(一) Text 4——刷题思路
花开两朵,各表一枝。这种题型不常考,一次是2006年text2,一次是2010年text4;
2006年text2:
一、斯特拉特福德镇的莎士比亚产业有两个对立分支
分支一:皇家莎士比亚剧团
分支二:镇上的居民
二、对立原因一
三、对立原因二
四、文章特征
文章围绕这两个方面展开论述
五、文章主旨
考两者之间的关系:
a.对立
b.相似
c.因果
3.出题特征
主要出作者态度题(在对立关系时同情in trouble者)、主旨题考两者之间的关系
(2006 text2)30. From the text we can conclude that the author [ ]
A.is supportive of both sides
B. favors the townsfolk's view
C. takes a detached attitude
D. is sympathetic to the RSC
Detach ( de=not;tach=nail) v.(使)分开,脱离;
从本文我们可得出的结论是作者
A.对双方都予以支持
B.支持小镇居民的看法
C.持不偏不倚的态度
D.同情皇家莎士比亚剧团
主要出作者态度题(在对立关系时同情有麻烦的),答案是:D.同情皇家莎士比亚剧团
本文主题涉及“银行VS会计准则制定者”两方的对抗。
第一段提到银行家们将矛头对准了会计准则制定者。
第二段作者强调了准则制定者独立性的关键意义,暗示了对银行做法的不认同,后又以准则制定者FASB和准则制定者IASB为例分别指出准则制定者面对来自银行以及政府的巨大压力。第五、六段直接指出银行方的错误,表达出对有麻烦方的同情态度。
40. The author’s attitude towards standard-setters is one of
[A] satisfaction.
[B] skepticism.(怀疑态度)
[C] objectiveness.(客观的,谁也不得罪)
[D] sympathy.(对有麻烦的)
sympathy[ˈsɪmpəθi] n.意气相投,同感; 同情(sym=syn=together;p
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